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Sandpaper or glasspaper are generic names used for a type of coated abrasive that consists of sheets of paper or cloth with abrasive material glued to one face. Despite the use of the names neither sand nor glass are now used in the manufacture of these products as they have been replaced by other abrasives. Sandpaper is produced in different grit sizes and is used to remove small amounts of material from surfaces, either to make them smoother (for example, in painting and wood finishing), to remove a layer of material (such as old paint), or sometimes to make the surface rougher (for example, as a preparation for gluing ). For the sake of clarity it is common to use the name of the abrasive when describing the paper, e.g. "aluminium oxide paper", or in the case of 3M's dark-grey Wetordry it is called "silicon carbide" paper. == History == The first recorded use of sandpaper was in 13th-century China when crushed shells, seeds, and sand were bonded to parchment using natural gum. Sandpaper was originally known as glass paper, as it was coated with particles of glass rather than sand. Glass frit has sharp-edged particles and cuts well whereas sand grains are smoothed down and do not work well as an abrasive. Cheap counterfeit sandpaper was often passed off as true glass paper; Stalker and Parker cautioned against it in ''A Treatise of Japaning and Varnishing'' published in 1688. Glass paper was manufactured in London by 1833 by John Oakey, whose company had developed new adhesive techniques and processes, enabling mass production. A process for making sandpaper was patented in the United States on June 14, 1834 by Isaac Fischer, Jr., of Springfield, Vermont. In 1921, 3M invented a sandpaper with a waterproof backing, known as ''Wet and dry''. This allowed use with water, which would serve as a lubricant to carry away particles that would otherwise clog the grit. Its first application was automotive paint refinishing. Shark skin has also been used as an abrasive and the rough scales of the living fossil, Coelacanth are used for the same purpose by the natives of Comoros. Boiled and dried, the rough horsetail is used in Japan as a traditional polishing material, finer than sandpaper. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sandpaper」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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